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Adherence to Mediterranean diet and health status: meta- analysis. Abstract. Objective To systematically review all the prospective cohort studies that have analysed the relation between adherence to a Mediterranean diet, mortality, and incidence of chronic diseases in a primary prevention setting. Design Meta- analysis of prospective cohort studies. Data sources English and non- English publications in Pub. Free stem cell papers, essays, and research papers. The Recent Evolutionary Introduction of Milk and Dairy. One of the rewarding benefits of having written a diet book that has become internationally known is the. Research papers generally follow the same basic structure: an introduction that presents the writer. Related Post of 5 2 diet scientific research paper;. Med, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1. June 2. 00. 8. Studies reviewed Studies that analysed prospectively the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet, mortality, and incidence of diseases; 1. Results The cumulative analysis among eight cohorts (5. Mediterranean diet showed that a two point increase in the adherence score was significantly associated with a reduced risk of mortality (pooled relative risk 0. Likewise, the analyses showed a beneficial role for greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet on cardiovascular mortality (pooled relative risk 0. Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease (0. Conclusions Greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a significant improvement in health status, as seen by a significant reduction in overall mortality (9%), mortality from cardiovascular diseases (9%), incidence of or mortality from cancer (6%), and incidence of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease (1. These results seem to be clinically relevant for public health, in particular for encouraging a Mediterranean- like dietary pattern for primary prevention of major chronic diseases. Introduction. The Mediterranean diet, representing the dietary pattern usually consumed among the populations bordering the Mediterranean sea, has been widely reported to be a model of healthy eating for its contribution to a favourable health status and a better quality of life. Since the first data from the seven countries study,3 several studies in different populations have established a beneficial role for the main components of the Mediterranean diet on the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and chronic degenerative diseases. However, research interest in this field over the past years has been focused on estimating adherence to the whole Mediterranean diet rather than analysing the individual components of the dietary pattern in relation to the health status of the population. This because the analyses of single nutrients ignore important interactions between components of a diet and, more importantly, because people do not eat isolated nutrients. Hence, dietary scores estimating adherence to a Mediterranean diet, devised a priori on the basis of the characteristic components of the traditional diet of the Mediterranean area, have been found to be associated with a reduction of overall mortality and mortality from cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The aim of this study was to do a systematic review with meta- analysis of all the available prospective cohort studies that have assessed the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and adverse outcomes, in order to establish the role of adherence to a Mediterranean diet in primary prevention. Methods. Data sources. Scientific Research Table of Contents: 1 Sources and Structure. 1.1 Biosynthesis; 2 Pharmacology. 2.1 Oral; 2.2 Serotonin; 3 Neurology. 3.1 Appetite; 3.2 Depression. The 5:2 diet helps beat cancer and Alzheimer's, study finds.
We focused on prospective studies investigating the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and health outcomes. We searched Pub. Med, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases up to 3. June 2. 00. 8, using a search strategy that included both truncated free text and exploded Me. SH terms. Me. SH headings included “Mediterranean”, “diet”, “dietary pattern”, “disease”, “health”, “cardiovascular disease”, “cerebrovascular disease”, “coronary heart disease”, “degenerative diseases”, “cancer”, “neoplasm”, “prospective”, “follow- up”, or “cohort”, and their variants. The search strategy had no language restrictions. We also consulted references from the extracted articles and reviews to complete the data bank. When multiple articles for a single study were present, we used the latest publication and supplemented it, if necessary, with data from the most complete or updated publication. We assessed the relevance of studies by using a hierarchical approach based on title, abstract, and the full manuscript. Study selection. We identified studies that prospectively evaluated the association of an a priori score used for assessing adherence to a Mediterranean diet and adverse clinical outcomes. We excluded the studies if they had a cross sectional or case- control design, if they analysed adherence to a non- specific dietary pattern or to a recommended dietary guideline and not to a Mediterranean diet, if they evaluated a cohort of patients with a previous clinical event (that is, secondary prevention), if they did not adjust for potential confounders, and if they did not report an adequate statistical analysis. Figure 1. Our initial search yielded 6. Of the remaining 4. Mediterranean diet, was evaluated (n=3); cross sectional or case- control design was used (n=1. We excluded four additional articles because they represented duplicate studies, so we included only the latest or the more complete paper in the final analysis. Finally, 1. 2 articles fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Fig 1 Process of study selection. Data extraction. We extracted the following baseline characteristics from the original reports by using a standardised data extraction form and included them in the meta- analysis: lead author, year of publication, cohort name, country of origin of the cohort, sample size of the cohort and number of outcomes, duration of follow- up, age at entry, sex, outcome, components of the score for adherence to a Mediterranean diet, and variables that entered into the multivariable model as potential confounders (table 1. Two investigators (FS and FC) collected the data, and disagreements were solved by consensus and by the opinion of a third author (AC), if necessary. Outcomes of interest were overall mortality, mortality from cardiovascular diseases, incidence of or mortality from cancer, as well as occurrence of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Table 1 Study characteristics. We assessed the quality of the studies according to the number of participants, the duration of follow- up, and adjustment for potential confounders. We considered studies with a high number of participants; long duration of follow- up; and adjustment for confounders including demographic, anthropometric, and traditional risk factors to be of high quality. Definition of adherence to Mediterranean diet. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet was defined through scores that estimated the conformity of the dietary pattern of the studied population with the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern. Values of zero or one were assigned to each dietary component by using as cut offs the overall sex specific medians among the study participants. Specifically, people whose consumption of components considered to be part of a Mediterranean diet (vegetables, fruits, legumes, cereals, fish, and a moderate intake of red wine during meals) was above the median consumption of the population were assigned a value of one, whereas a value of zero was given to those with consumptions below the median. By contrast, people whose consumption of components presumed not to form part of a Mediterranean diet (red and processed meats, dairy products) was above the median consumption of the population had a value of zero assigned, and the others had a value of one. However, some differences among the studies existed, especially in relation to the food category of vegetables (grouped with potatoes in one studyw. Thus, the total adherence scores (estimated as the sum of the above indicated scores of zero and one) varied from a minimum of 0 points indicating low adherence to a maximum of 7- 9 points reflecting high adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Statistical analysis. We used Rev. Man, version 4. Windows by the Cochrane Collaboration to analyse data. We used the results of the original studies from multivariable models with the most complete adjustment for potential confounders; table 1. We used a random effects model that accounts for interstudy variation and provides a more conservative effect than a fixed model. We calculated random summary relative risks with 9. We grouped the studies according to the different clinical outcomes (mortality from all causes, mortality from cardiovascular diseases, incidence of or mortality from cancer, and incidence of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease). We assessed the potential sources of heterogeneity by using the standard . In addition, we used the I2 statistic to investigate heterogeneity by examining the extent of inconsistency across the study results. To examine the potential source of heterogeneity across studies evaluating overall mortality, we did sensitivity analyses according to some characteristics of the studies—sex (male, female), country of origin (European countries, United States, other countries), follow- up time (below or above the median follow- up time of the studies: 8 years), and the quality of the studies (low, high). To assess the presence of publication bias, we computed the “failsafe N” for each of the main outcomes; this value is an estimate of the number of studies with null results that would need to be added to the meta- analysis to reduce the overall observed significant result to non- significance. Results. Characteristics of study cohorts. Sample sizes varied between 1. Outcomes of interest were overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, incidence of or mortality from neoplastic disease, and incidence of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Only six out of 1. Mediterranean populations. The remaining cohorts comprised US populations,w. Europeans,w. 5- w. Europeans living in Australia. The total number of subjects in the included studies was 1 5. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) is the federal government agency for scientific research in Australia. Its chief role is to improve the economic and social performance of industry, for the benefit of the community. CSIRO works with leading organisations around the world. The primary roles of CSIRO include contributing to meeting the objectives and responsibilities of the Australian government and providing new ways to benefit the Australian community and the economic and social performance of a number of industry sectors through research and development. CSIRO works with leading organisations around the world. Daily management is led by a CEO, presently Dr Larry Marshall, with an executive team of seven. There are ten research flagships and twelve services areas. In May 2. 00. 5, the government announced the launch of CSIRO's $9. Flagship Collaboration Fund, which is intended to encourage cooperative research between universities, CSIRO and other research agencies. In July 2. 01. 4, all research . The Bureau of Meteorology generates the high resolution weather forecasts and CSIRO has created computer models to calculate pollution levels. However, the Advisory Council struggled with insufficient funding during the First World War. In 1. 92. 0 the Council was renamed the . The CSIR was structured to represent the federal structure of Australian government, and had state- level committees and a central council. As well as this improved structure, the CSIR benefited from strong bureaucratic management under George Julius, David Rivett, and Arnold Richardson. CSIR research focussed on primary and secondary industries. Early in its existence, it established divisions studying animal health and animal nutrition. After the depression, the CSIR extended into secondary industries such as manufacturing. CSIRO today has expanded into a wider range of scientific inquiry. This expansion began with the evolution of CSIR to the CSIRO by the Ben Chifley. Labor government in 1. Science and Industry Research Act. The amendment enlarged and reconstituted the organisation and its administrative structure. Under Ian Clunies Ross as chairman, CSIRO pursued new areas such as radioastronomy and industrial chemistry. Inventions. A team led by Paul Wild built and operated (from 1. Culgoora in New South Wales. For three decades, the Division of Radiophysics had a world- leading role in solar research, attracting prominent solar physicists from around the world. The CSIR Mk 1 ran its first program in 1. It was over 1,0. 00 times faster than the mechanical calculators available at the time. It was decommissioned in 1. Melbourne as CSIRAC in 1. Bornemissza, upon settling in Australia from Hungary in 1. He proposed that the reason for this was that native Australian dung beetles, which had co- evolved alongside the marsupials (which produce dung very different in its composition from cattle), were not adapted to utilise cattle dung for their nutrition and breeding since cattle had only relatively recently been introduced to the continent in the 1. The Australian Dung Beetle Project sought, therefore, to introduce species of dung beetle from South Africa and Europe (which had co- evolved alongside bovids) in order to improve the fertility and quality of cattle pastures. Twenty- three species were successfully introduced throughout the duration of the project and also had the effect of reducing the pestilent bush fly population by 9. Guidelines were introduced in 1. Governance and management. The book sold over half a million copies in Australia and over 1. The technique they developed, involving a particular combination of forward error correction, frequency- domain interleaving, and multi- carrier modulation, became the subject of U. S. Patent 5,4. 87,0. January 1. 99. 6. In 1. 99. 7 Macquarie University professor David Skellern and his colleague Neil Weste established the company Radiata, Inc., which took a nonexclusive licence to the CSIRO patent for the purpose of developing commercially viable integrated circuit devices implementing the patented technology. CSIRO did not participate directly in the standards process, however David Skellern was an active participant as secretary of the Working Group, and representative of Radiata. In response to a request from Victor Hayes of Lucent Technologies, who was Chair of the 8. Working Group, CSIRO confirmed its commitment to make non- exclusive licenses available to implementers of the standard on reasonable and non- discriminatory terms. Greenpeace was forced to pay reparations to CSIRO of $2. Justice Hilary Penfold, of cynically using junior members of the organisation with good standing to avoid custodial sentences, while the offenders were given 9- month suspended sentences. The debate was called for by opposition parties after evidence came to light that a paper critical of carbon emissions trading was being suppressed. After the debate, the Science Minister, Kim Carr, was forced to release the paper, but when doing so in the Senate he also delivered a letter from the CEO of the CSIRO, Megan Clark, which attacked the report's author and threatened him with unspecified punishment. He later posted on his website a document detailing the text that CSIRO management demanded be deleted. In subsequent Senate Estimates hearings during 2. Senator Carr and Clark went on record claiming the paper was originally stopped from publication solely due to its low quality not meeting CSIRO standards. The invention was marketed by a small Australian company called Data. Trace DNA as a method of identifying fake vials, on the basis that a unique tracer code developed by CSIRO was embedded in the product. However, the code sold to Novartis for more than A$2. M was apparently not unique, and was based on a . Novartis was contractually bound not to reverse- engineer the tracer to verify its uniqueness. The Sydney Morning Herald report alleges that this was done with the knowledge of key CSIRO personnel. Mirabella said she is aware of as many as 1. On 2. 0 July 2. 01. Comcare issued CSIRO with an Improvement Notice with regard to handling and management of workplace misconduct/code of conduct type investigations and allegations. In the previous 2. They say the decision shows a lack of insight and a misunderstanding of the importance of the depth and significance of Australian contributions to global and regional climate research. Subsequently, the roles were again split with separate powers, the chairman becoming part- time. Retrieved 2. 01. 7- 0. Publish. csiro. au. Retrieved 2. 01. 7- 0. Retrieved 2. 01. 7- 0. Cmar. csiro. au. Retrieved 2. Fundamentals of Stack Gas Dispersion (4th ed.). ISBN 0- 9. 64. 45. Cmar. csiro. au. Retrieved 2. Australian Government. Retrieved 2. 1 December 2. Funnelback. com. Retrieved 2. ICT. csiro. au. 4 July 2. Retrieved 2. 01. 2- 0. PMID 1. 62. 22. 24. Retrieved 2. 00. 6- 0. Omicron Technology Limited. August 2. 00. 5. Retrieved 2. July 2. 01. 3. 1. May 2. 00. 8. Retrieved 2. Department of Computer Science and Engineering. University of Melbourne. Retrieved 2. 00. 6- 0. Retrieved 2. 00. 8- 0. Australian Meat Research Committee Review. Australian Academic and Research Network. Archived from the original on 1. April 2. 01. 1. Retrieved 1. April 2. 01. 1. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. May 2. 01. 4. Retrieved 2. December 2. 01. 4. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Retrieved 2. 1 December 2. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Archived from the original on 1. August 2. 00. 8. Retrieved 1 October 2. Retrieved 2. 5 January 2. June 2. 01. 0. Retrieved 2. January 2. 01. 1. Australian Financial Review. August 2. 01. 5. Retrieved 2. The Mandarin (9 October 2. Retrieved 1. 6 October 2. Retrieved 2. 01. 7- 0. A Current Affair. December 2. 00. 5. Archived from the original on 1. December 2. 00. 5. Retrieved 2. 00. 6- 0. December 2. 00. 5. Retrieved 2. 01. 6- 0. Australasian Science. March 2. 00. 6. Retrieved 2. Australian Government, Department of Education, Science and Training. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Cisco Systems, Inc. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. APC Magazine. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. The Register. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Ars Technica. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. Australian Government. April 2. 01. 2. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. Ars Technica. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. Ars Technica. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. The Register. Retrieved 1. 3 May 2. April 2. 01. 2. Retrieved 1. May 2. 01. 2. European Patent Office. June 2. 01. 2. Retrieved 1. June 2. 01. 2. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2. 01. 3- 1. Canberra Times. Retrieved 2. CSIRO website. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. April 2. 01. 3. Retrieved 8 Nov 2. July 2. 01. 1. The Australian. News Limited. Australia: 9 News. The Australian. Researcher will be allowed to publish his paper after making 'tiny' changes. Senate Economics Legislation Committee Estimates. Canberra: Official Hansard (Wednesday, 1. February 2. 01. 0)^. Archived from the original on 1. November 2. 01. 1. Retrieved 2. 01. 1- 1. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. The Sydney Morning Herald. Munich Personal Research Papers in Economics Archive (MPRA). Munich University. New Political Economy. Taylor and Francis Online. The Sydney Morning Herald. April 2. 01. 2. Retrieved 1. April 2. 01. 2. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. August 2. 01. 3. Retrieved 7 September 2. Australian House of Representatives – House Debate Monday 2. June 2. 01. 3 at 6: 3. Dennis Pearce AO FAAL. Hwlebsworth. com. Retrieved 2. 01. 7- 0. Asian Legal Business. Robot Check. Enter the characters you see below. Sorry, we just need to make sure you're not a robot. For best results, please make sure your browser is accepting cookies. Minnesota Mom of Two Diagnosed with Cancer Hours After Husband Dies From ALS: 'I'm Not Ready to Give Into It'. Tracy Anderson's 30-Day Method: The Weight-Loss Kick-Start that Makes Perfection Possible . How to Lose Weight in 4 Weeks- Diet Chart for Weight Loss when it comes to losing weight, a regular workout or exercise routine won’t suffice. 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Acupuncture Center is the first Traditional Chinese Acupuncture clinic. Greater Cincinnati area since Ohio medical board. Maorong Jiang, who practices. Prior. to his practice, Mr. Jiang received extensive acupuncture training in. China. He had 3. 0 years of experience in acupuncture therapy and. He also spent more than 1. With thousands of patients treated. Here you will experience amazing healing power. Your visit to the center. Miami Acupuncture offers acupuncture, massage therapy, acupressure, herbal medicine & more for pain management, fertility, weight loss, etc. Serving Miami. Maorong Jiang. *** M. D. He also. had more than ten years of experience in research of pain and. Expert Service. As a clinician and scholar in acupuncture / TCM field, Maorong Jiang is. General acupuncture Pain management. Infertility Weight management and appetite. The clinical procedures can include the following. Treatment options are chosen with different. In addition, acupuncture. For more information, please. Ear Acupuncture May Hold Promise for Weight Loss – Web. MDBy Steven Reinberg. Health. Day Reporter. TUESDAY, Dec. 1. 7, 2. Health. Day News) - - Placing five acupuncture needles in the outer ear may help people lose that spare tire, researchers report. Ear acupuncture therapy is based on the theory that the outer ear represents all parts of the body. One type uses one needle inserted into the area that is linked to hunger and appetite, while the other involves inserting five needles at different key points in the ear. However, for patients suffering from central obesity, continuous stimulation of five acupuncture points should be used. Acupuncture in Medicine. Dr. David Katz, director of the Yale University Prevention Research Center, said, . Q: Can acupuncture help in treating anxiety and depression and how long would it take for improvement? A: Acupuncture can help with both anxiety and depression. Dr Li's TCM Clinic specialises in acupuncture and chinese herbal remedies. The clinics are located conveniently in Lane Cove, Rhodes, Macquarie Centre, North Ryde and. Shasta Tierra, Owner Way of Wellness A second-generation Western-trained doctor of AOM, Shasta Tierra received her Doctor of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine degree. Rather, if a treatment is genuinely effective, it invites us to figure out the mechanism. The evidence here falls short of proof. According to the U. S. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, results from the few studies on acupuncture and weight loss have been mixed. In one study, researchers examined the effect of ear acupuncture with sham acupuncture on obese women. They randomly assigned 9. Continued. During the eight weeks of the study, participants were told to follow a restrictive diet, but not a weight- loss diet. They were not supposed to increase their exercise. Those who received five- point acupuncture had needles placed 2 millimeters deep in one outer ear taped in place and kept there for a week. Then the same treatment was applied to the other ear. The process was repeated over eight weeks. Other patients received similar treatment with one needle or with sham acupuncture where the needles were removed immediately after insertion. Over the course of the study, 2. Among those who completed the study, there were significant differences in weight loss among the groups. At four weeks, those receiving five- point treatment had an average reduction in weight of 6. The largest drop was seen in waist size with the five- point treatment, compared with sham therapy; however, this difference disappeared after taking age into account, the investigators noted. Here are current thoughts from the National Institutes of Health on the manner by which acupuncture might produce beneficial health results. Many studies in animals. Our services in Winnipeg - Chinese Acupuncture, Chinese Herbal Medicine, Cupping, Moxibustion and Bloodletting Therapy. In addition we offer massage therapy, and. Percentage of body fat also dropped, but only in those receiving the five- point treatment, the study authors added. Web. MD News from Health. Day. Sources. SOURCES: Sabina Lim, department of meridian and acupuncture, Graduate College of Basic Korean Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul; David Katz, M. D., M. P. H., director Yale University Prevention Research Center, New Haven, Conn.; Katy Danielson, spokeswoman, U. S. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine; Dec. Acupuncture in Medicine, online. Copyright . All rights reserved. Consider Acupuncture. Acupuncture may help reduce stress and ease pain associated with certain conditions and help with many other health problems. Ear acupuncture could be a great way to lose weight, according to a new Korean research study. Ding's Acupuncture, Massage & Herbs treatment and practitioner. Lei Ding, MSA, L. Here at the Chinese Treatment Centre, in the Canberra suburb of Turner we have several massage therapists that can provide a variety of massage services. Batman & Robin (1. Full Cast & Crew. Find industry contacts & talent representation. Manage your photos, credits, & more. Showcase yourself on IMDb & Amazon. The Batman Family adversaries or the rogues gallery are a collective of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Batman is a superhero co-created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger and published by DC Comics. The character made his first appearance in Detective Comics #27. Christian Charles Philip Bale was born in Pembrokeshire, Wales, UK on January 30, 1974, to English parents Jennifer "Jenny" (James) and David Charles Howard Bale. Be prepared for potential wedding bells in Gotham! DC Comics has announced that this week’s Batman #24 will see a major step forward for Bruce Wayne and Selina Kyle. Batman: Rebirth adds a pivotal new twist on Bruce Wayne's origin story that's even darker than fans are used to. Batsuit - Wikipedia. The Batsuit (or Bat- Suit) is the costume of the fictional superhero. Celebrities How to get jacked like a superhero Follow the tips and techniques that these stars used to get yourself in heroic shape. Bane is a super-intelligent world-class fighter and tactical genius who enhances his great physical strength with a steroid called Venom, making him one of. A description of tropes appearing in Batman: Arkham City. The sequel to the Batman video game Batman: Arkham Asylum and the second game in the Batman: Arkham. Batman, who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. The suit has been depicted in various ways, and the stories themselves have described Batman as modifying the details of his costume from time to time. However, it usually consists of a grey body suit, the chest emblazoned with a stylized black bat, and blue- black accessories: a wide scalloped cape, gloves with a series of fin- like projections, boots, and a close- fitting cowl (covering the upper half of his face) with ear- like projections to suggest a bat's head; and a utility belt containing a variety of gadgets. Batman's costume is used to both conceal his identity and frighten criminals. Most versions of the Batsuit incorporate some form of body armor, powered exoskeleton, . Reflecting that . In the later elaborations on the origin, Bruce is terrified by bats as a child, and in the Silver Age story The First Batman (later retold in the 1. The Untold Legend of the Batman) the inspiration for the batsuit comes in part from a bat costume worn to a costume ball by his father Dr. Thomas Wayne, M. D. Color scheme. Originally the suit was conceived as being black and grey, but due to coloring schemes of early comic books, the black was highlighted with blue. Hence, over the years the black cape and cowl appeared as dark blue in the comic books. Thus artists' renditions depict the costume as both black and grey or blue and grey. The bat symbol on the chest has also alternated from a simple black bat, to a bat design on a yellow ellipse, lending a logo- like appearance more akin to Superman's . The yellow ellipse was introduced in 1. In Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, the yellow ellipse design was explained as being a heavily under- armored, intentional target, to draw enemy fire away from his unarmored head and body. A subsequent issue of Shadow of the Bat re- established the concept. The yellow ellipse was eventually removed in 2. Other elements, such as the utility belt and the length of the cowl's ears, have been changed by various artistic teams. Basic suit. Kane showed the very first drawing of a character he had first named the Bat, then Bat- Man, to Bill Finger who was the writer he hired to write the first Batman stories. Bill thought that the character looked too much like Superman, so he suggested major changes that would prove to be everlasting to the character’s legacy. Finger took a Webster's Dictionary off the shelf, looking for a drawing of a bat, and found one. He then said to Kane, . Finger didn't like the bird- like wings, so he also suggested to Kane to re- design them and make a cape instead, and scallop the edges so it would flow out behind Batman when he ran so it would look like bat wings. A pair of gloves were added, colored purple from the start but later changed to blue. The basic foundation of the Batsuit is a tight bodysuit, similar to many superheroes. In early depictions, contrasting briefs were worn over a one- piece suit, similar to the garb of early 2. Batman #1 (June 1. Modern depictions of Batman's suit do not incorporate contrasting briefs, and the character's suit consists of pants without a color change. The Batsuit is also no longer portrayed as a one- piece suit, as the top and pants are separate pieces. The Post- Crisis version of the bodysuit is not constructed from simple fabric, but from fictional advanced materials that gives it resistance to tearing. In addition, the suit also contains various defense and protection mechanisms layered into the suit's fabric. The basic version of the Batsuit is insulated against electricity and is mildly fire resistant. Batman utilizes many different body armor designs, some of which are constructed into his Batsuits, and others which are separate. In its most basic version, the suit is bulletproof around the upper torso and back. Other versions are entirely bulletproof to small arms fire, and have advanced flexible armor plating. In the video game, Batman: Arkham Asylum Batman wears a basic batsuit throughout the game but can unlock a new . The armored suit is much bulkier and features heavy plate armor on the torso and limbs and segmented armor on the joints and neck. Art by David Finch. As different artists have taken over the responsibility of drawing the costume, the details of the suit have changed considerably. The original incarnation of the cape was a wing- like structure that may have been inspired by drawings by Leonardo da Vinci. For example, in the Batman: The Animated Series episode . He ripped up his cape and used some pieces of broken wood to make an impromptu ankle splint. He is also commonly seen with the cape able to wrap around his entire body, usually whenever he is standing or sometimes, when walking. The cape may also incorporate Nomex fire- resistant/retardant material (as demonstrated in the film Batman Forever and the Knightfall novelization by Denny O'Neil) and a Kevlar weave to slow the impact of bullets. In The Dark Knight Strikes Again, the ends of the cape contained razor- sharp blades which Batman used to slice through several corrupt government officials. Batman's usage of the cape as a mode of transportation differed over the years. A hang- glider version of this concept was presented in Batman Returns, in which a harness folds out of the cape to make it a rigid wing- like structure, then folds back when the wearer rolls forward on the ground after landing. In the show Justice League Batman ejected from the Batplane with his cape acting as a parachute using a harness. In the 2. 00. 5 film. Batman Begins, the cape was also used as a sort of wingsuit; when an electric current was applied to the cape, the shape- memory fibers (much like Shape memory polymer) aligned into a semi- rigid form resembling a bat's wings, allowing Batman to glide over the streets and rooftops of Gotham. After Dick Grayson took over the identity of Batman, he and Damian Wayne, the new Robin and Bruce Wayne's biological son, developed a . The Batman Arkham series also gave Batman the same gliding ability as in Batman Begins. In the 2. 01. 0 comic book mini- series Batman Beyond, Dick Grayson explains that there is also a tactical reason for adding a cape to the costume: misdirection. A flashback reveals that after armor- piercing rounds from the Joker's gun penetrated the cape, it saved Bruce but Dick, who was behind him, was critically wounded. It explains why Bruce eliminates the cape on the Batman Beyond incarnation of the Batsuit, as he'd rather be the one who got shot instead of others. There may be something added to the cowl that alters how people see Batman when looking at him directly. Occasionally, the cowl is depicted as having defense mechanisms such as electric shock or stun gas in order to prevent unauthorized removal (as shown in The Dark Knight, Batman: Hush, Superman/Batman and Justice League of America #2. To avoid suspicion, Wayne orders very large quantities of 1. However, because some meta- human criminals have the power to see through solid objects, Batman also lines the cowl with lead to protect his identity. The cowl's lenses incorporate multiple vision modes like infrared vision (heat sensors), night vision, and ultraviolet vision. This technology is utilized by using echolocation to triangulate objects via cell phones. In Detective Comics #8. January 2. 00. 8), it is revealed that Batman also has an echolocation system in the cowl. In Batman: The Animated Series, Batman wears a special motorcycle helmet when riding his Batcycle that is molded with bat ears to accommodate his cowl's ears. In Batman: Arkham Asylum, Batman extensively uses a sophisticated . It also gives him the white eyes while it is activated. One of the cowl's ears carries a high- gain antenna for an internal communication device on the left side of the cowl, allowing Batman to stay in contact with his allies. It also carries an inertial navigation unit to keep him in balance when facing foes such as the Scarecrow or Count Vertigo. The front of the skull and the sides of the temples also have small armor inserts to increase the effectiveness of skull strikes and protect from concussive blows. Repeated encounters with the Mad Hatter also forced Batman to shield his cowl against the villain's mind control. Its basic design has remained unchanged; however, it has been frequently updated for Batman's needs. Batman: The Brave and the Bold shows that the cowl's ears are able to change lengths for various uses in. However, artist Karl Kerchl has drawn Batman's costume vault showing that he has a wide selection of cowls with ears of different lengths. This was based on assassin Deadshot's helmet designs. Feb. 2. 01. 7) by Mikel Jan. In the earliest Batman stories of Detective Comics, the costume featured a few curiosities before it evolved in to its more or less standard style. The first gloves were purple in color, ordinary looking, and lacked any sort of scalloped fins or other stylings, and only came to the wrists. The second Batman adventure depicted the character wearing no gloves at all. A few issues later the gloves became longer, and by 1. In some later incarnations, the scallops are attached to a separated bracer worn below the glove around the wrist. In Batman Begins these bracers are part of the costume Wayne wore during his League of Assassins training, painted black - this set are hard enough to slice Ra's al Ghul's sword into many pieces. The scallops typically serve a defensive purpose and are used to defend against bladed weapons, such as swords or knives. The gloves are sometimes depicted as being capable of launching the scallops as projectiles. Batman also has electrical shockers in the fingertips of his gloves, which are used to control the structure of his cape. Additionally, Batman hides a few pieces of his arsenal in his gloves, such as a lock pick. How to lose weight fast with HCG. The hCG weight loss diet system South Africa is an affordable diet plan. Lose 10KGs in 30 days. Fast, safe weight loss and long term. New research suggests that skipping dinner helps you burn more fat in the evening and may even help with weight loss. The NowLoss Diet shows you 4 easy steps to follow to eat whatever you want, whenever you want and still lose weight with junk foods or the foods you love. Why Can't I Lose Weight? You try hard, but that scale won't budge. It's only human nature to wonder if those pounds will ever come off. But don't raise the white flag and chuck your diet just yet. See if one of these sneaky things is secretly messing with your weight loss hopes. Is it because I skip breakfast? It could be. When you take a pass on that first meal of the day, it can work against you. You're likely to get hungrier later, so you may overdo it at lunch. Try to eat within an hour of waking up. A high- fiber, protein- packed breakfast can help you feel full, longer. Try cottage cheese with fruit, eggs with whole- wheat toast, or Greek yogurt with a banana. Do I eat too close to bedtime? A late- night meal can spell trouble for your weight loss plan. It may raise your body temperature, blood sugar, and insulin, which makes it harder for you to burn fat. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to sleep. Be careful about snacking after supper. You take in more calories than you realize when you nibble while you watch TV or use the computer. You may also be tempted to eat unhealthy foods like ice cream or potato chips. Is it because I'm under too much stress? It's possible. It can make you reach for high- calorie, high- fat foods. Your body also tends to store more fat when you're stressed out. To reduce stress, try exercise or meditation. Is it because of my gender? It could make a difference in how you lose weight. A recent study suggests it's easier for men to drop pounds quickly. But women tend to have more success with long- term efforts. Where you lose weight can also differ. Guys lose belly fat first, but that area can be tougher for the ladies. Do I burn calories more slowly than other people? Possibly. How fast you burn them is based on your metabolism - - chemical reactions that maintain your body. If you have a slow metabolism, your genes may be to blame. Or you may not have enough lean muscle mass. People with lean, muscular bodies burn more calories than people with a higher percentage of body fat. Continued. Other things that can affect how you burn calories: Getting older. Your metabolism slows down about 2%- 8% every decade. That may be from decreased muscle mass. Eating too little. It sounds strange, but the truth is, if you skip meals or follow a very low- calorie diet, it can backfire by making you burn calories more slowly. Want to ratchet up your metabolism? Lift weights to boost your lean muscle mass. And avoid diets that have extremely low- calorie counts. Am I getting enough sleep? When you don't get your ZZZs, it can make it harder to lose weight. Your metabolism may slow and you won't burn calories as fast as you'd like. You may also have less energy when you don't get enough sleep. That makes it harder to exercise. Podcast: Play in new window . Subscribe: iTunes . Cheating on the hCG Diet: What To Do When You’ve Screwed Up. I’m writing because it’s. Dr Bernstein Diet Review, including food lists. Can You do the Dr Bernstein Diet at home? Are there Dr Bernstein Diet recipes? Coping with a failed relationship is not only about getting a rebound boyfriend and a new haircut. You will know that you are at peace with your breakup once you find. When you're tired, you're more likely to make poor diet choices, like choosing sweets over fruit. In a recent study, people who didn't get enough sleep ate about 3. Is it my genes? Maybe. Some bodies are simply better at burning fat than others. It's something you inherit from your parents or grandparents. You don't have any control over the genes that were passed to you, so you may need to work a little harder to burn calories and lose weight. Want to know a simple secret that can help your overweight dog lose weight? And live longer, too? To be successful, every weight loss plan must be based upon one. Alkaline Diet Plan Review: Does It Work? Does changing your body’s pH levels through diet have any benefits? Read WebMD's Alkaline Diet review to find out. What is Stewardess Diet and Does it Really Work? Your friend is getting married next weekend, and you can't fit into that perfect dress you bought last month? All too often, people who are not gamers have this idea that individuals who choose to spend their time playing video games are lazy. Sure, we like to sit around with. Is my thyroid acting up? If it's underactive, you may have a condition called hypothyroidism. It can lead to weight gain from a buildup of salt and water in your body. An overactive thyroid is called hyperthyroidism. Many people with it lose weight, but others pick up extra pounds because it can make you feel hungrier. How your thyroid affects your metabolism, energy, and weight is complicated. Other hormones, proteins, and chemicals may also play a role. Check with your doctor if you think it's a problem. Is it due to a problem with my overall health? Medical conditions make it tougher to slim down. Some things that could be causing your weight problems are: Some medicines can also deal a blow to your efforts to drop some pounds. For instance, you might have trouble losing weight if you take drugs for: If you have one of these conditions and weight is a problem for you, talk to your doctor. He may be able to change your medications. Sources. SOURCES: Dong, F. International Journal of Translation & Community Medicine, February 2. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: . All rights reserved. Perdre 1. 1 kgs de graisse en 1 mois avec Pure Cambogia Ultra et Pure Life Cleanse! Paris, France (R. Les produits ont . Parcourez cet article et vous saurez pourquoi nous avons transcrit cet . 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Three Runs a Week Marathon Training Program For a Faster Finish; Marathon Training Program With Only Three Runs a Week; Background to the 3 Running Days a Week. What to Eat Before Your Half Marathon. Fueling is a key to any successful race. What you choose to put in your body, even a week before the race, can help you run your best possible race and aid in recovery. How to Train for a Marathon or Half Marathon. Want to learn how to train for a marathon or half marathon? Welcome to Brad Boughman's MarathonRookie.com!If you have a race coming up, you should be thinking about what to eat before, during and after. Don’t wait until the day before the big race to start thinking about fueling your body. Instead, start adding extra calories to your meals in the week leading up to the half marathon. A mix of both carbs and protein is important. Starting a race with a full store of carbs can improve performance and endurance so make sure to fill up on grains, starchy vegetables and fruits the week before the race. Also, as you consume more food during the week before the race, your protein levels should also increase as your portions become larger. Many people make the mistake of waiting until the night before the race to eat their big meal. Try making lunch your big meal of the day before the race, instead. This gives your body more time to process nutrients, lowers the risk of stomach problems and can even help you sleep more soundly. Pasta is still often considered one of the best pre- race meals but instead of having it for dinner, eat it for lunch the day before the race and opt for a lighter dinner that evening, instead. Related Article: How To Fuel For Workouts and Runs. What you choose to eat the day of the race, however, is just as important as what you eat the week before. In the two to four hours before the race, eat protein and simple carbs and drink water or sports beverages. Avoid high fiber, fatty and new foods, which can cause digestion problems. Good choices for pre- race foods include bread, bagels, cereal, fruit, and small amounts of peanut or almond butter, low- fat cheese, low- fat milk or a fruit smoothie. The hour prior to the race should just include moderate consumption of water, sports beverages, energy gels or energy chews. During the race, it is recommended that you consume 3. Suggested energy foods to eat during the race include bananas, orange slices, energy, granola or fig bars, dried fruit and even Life. Savers, Sweet Tarts and gummy bear candies. Make sure to rotate between drinking a cup of water and a cup of sports drink every fifteen minutes to restore fluids and electrolyte levels but to avoid too much sodium from just sports drinks and over- hydration from just water. Related Article: Editor’s Picks- Fuel We’re Obsessed With. Following the race, make sure to get a mix of high- carb and moderate- protein into your body as quickly as possible. A 3- to- 1 ratio of carbs to protein is recommended. Good food choices at the finish line should contain both simple carbohydrates for quick energy and complex carbohydrates to level out your insulin levels. Your body is nearly completely depleted in carbohydrates and you need to replace them as soon as possible. Suggested food choices following the race are bananas, fruit, yogurt, milk, muffins and bagels. Also, soon after the race, try to eat a full meal that contains lean proteins, complex carbohydrates and some fats. Your body is craving calories and nutrients. Replacing them as soon as possible will aid in your post- half marathon recovery and repair and rebuild any muscle damage. Fluids are just as important as food, after a half marathon, so make sure to consume sports drinks or other beverages containing electrolytes and nutrients, along with water. Drinking just water could further dilute your blood and increase your risk of over- hydration. Some good post- race drinks are sports drinks, soft drinks, juices or chocolate milk. Proper training, along with eating and drinking right before, during and after the race should help you run a successful half marathon and result in a speedy post- marathon recovery! Related Article: Recover and Replenish After Workouts With These Foods. What to Eat Before A Half Marathon or Marathon. This blog is about food. This blog is about running. So what’s more appropriate than what to eat before, during, and after a race? This information applies mostly to half marathons or marathons; for shorter races the hydration and nutrition needs aren’t as great. What To Eat Before and After a Race. I’ve generally taken guidance from two books regarding race nutrition, Core Performance Endurance and The Paleo Diet for Athletes, both of which go into far more detail than I do here. I don’t follow The Paleo Diet for Athletes anymore since it espouses so much meat- eating and I’ve gotten so much better results since going vegetarian, but I still like the section on race- day nutrition. Note: What you eat the week before the race is just as important as what you eat the day of. Don’t try anything new on race day! Some good pre- race foods: bread, bagel, cereal, fruit, smoothie, peanut or almond butter (not too much though). Some water, sports drink, or energy gels are good now. Twin Pregnancy Symptoms. Are you expecting Twins? Are you having twins? Keep in mind that not only is every person. A thorough medical history and physical examination are the cornerstone of the evaluation of patients with mildly elevated liver transaminase levels.1 The history. EasyDNA has a vast range of tests available including relationship testing, health testing, and paternity testing. Tell us your relationship queries, send. There are those lucky few who. Your first. twins ultrasound. Some women worry about a. With high order multiple. Genetic testing is an option for any woman before or during pregnancy. Sometimes the baby's father gets tested, too. Your doctor may suggest genetic testing if family. Twin pregnancy - identical and fraternal twins - single fertilized egg splits - two sperm cells fertilize two eggs - Baby2see.com. High levels can indicate abnormalities with the neural tube and. Down Syndrome and Spina Bifida, this could also be. An ultrasound is usually the. AFP test result to investigate. High h. CG levels can reveal more twin pregnancy symptoms. You are likely to have a test to confirm. IVF. Some fertility drugs containing h. CG may affect these levels. The test is used to detect your h. CG levels in a. urine sample. A very positive result means; obvious markings, a. Of course this can be a tricky task as babies move around, though the rhythm of each heartbeat can differ and this is how twins could be suspected. If you are measuring larger for your gestation, twins. This is due to the extra blood and fluid your. Upper back pain during pregnancy can occur at any point, but is most common in the third trimester. This occurs for several reasons.The average weight. Of course it. does depend on your diet at the time so extra weight gain may be the. Morning sickness is said to be caused by the hormone h. CG, this can cause. Keep in. mind that not all women experience morning sickness whether for single. You will usually notice it starting to fade by. Rest whenever you can. Some say women expecting twins can feel those. It has been told that women. I felt movements at about 1. Intuition. You may have a gut feeling possibly due to family history or just. Take two or. three if you want to be sure, your doctor can also do a blood test to. Keep in mind that although it is rear it is possible to. Breast tenderness is common. Tenderness and swelling is caused by the increase. Vaginal discharge known as. Typically has no. Pelvic cramping and/or slight bleeding is normal as the embryos implant in your uterus. Urinating more often usually between 6 and 8 weeks is also a common indicator. The possible twin pregnancy symptoms. You Are Here.. Having Twins. 35 Quick-and-Easy Fat-Burning Recipes Subscribe;. Make it as a main meal for lunch or as a side dish with dinner. Home > Diet & Health > Weight-Loss & Diet Plans > Diet Meal Plans > 7-Day Gluten-Free Meal Plan. Low-Calorie Breakfast. Cheap Healthy Lunch Ideas. These sample low-carb diet menus for tasty and. Menu Ideas for a Low-Carb Breakfast. Ideas For Breakfast, Lunch And Dinner! Diabetic Meals in Minutes: Breakfast, Lunch & Dinner. This filling wrap contains more than 1. Quick fix: Move over, plain tortillas! Flatout Light flatbreads are flavorful, high in fiber (9 grams each), and our new favorite wrap maker. The 9. 0- calorie flatbreads come in four flavors: original, tomato, spinach, and Italian herb. Reality Checked Diet: Breakfast recipes. Printable Shopping List (PDF)Waffles with Walnuts and Warm Peaches. Tbsp. Toast waffles and top with peach and walnuts. Healthiest Breakfast Lunch And DinnerToast with Peanut Butter and Apple. Tbsp. Top with nectarines, blackberries and almonds. Toast with Walnut- Pear Spread. Spread on toast. Blueberry and Toasted- Almond Muesli. Let sit for 1. 5 minutes, or cover and refrigerate overnight. Top with blueberries and almonds, toasted. Santa Fe Egg Scramble. Tbsp. Over medium heat, scramble together egg plus egg whites, green chilies and Cheddar cheese. Fill one tortilla with egg mixture. Serve with grapefruit on the side. Waffle with Fresh Raspberries and Lemon- Maple Syrup. 22 Mediterranean Diet. But what exactly should you be eating for breakfast, lunch, dinner. These delicious Mediterranean diet recipes will give you lots of ideas. Serve berry mixture over waffle and serve with skim or soy milk on the side. Cottage Cheese with Melon and Mint. Tbsp. Top with cantaloupe, honeydew melon and fresh mint. Banana- Honey Smoothie. Add ice to thicken as desired. Bacon and Egg Sandwich. English muffin. 2 slices warmed precooked turkey bacon. Fry 1 egg and toast 1 whole- grain English muffin, halved. Breakfast Lunch And Dinner TemplatePlace egg and turkey bacon between muffin halves. Serve with no- sugar- added fruit cocktail on the side. |
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